In any room, there will be 1-2 green sprouts on the ground. Shooting these sprouts will cause them to grow. When they are fully grown, they explode and spawn a vegetable familiar.
The explosion does not hurt the player but will destroy rocks, damage enemies, reveal secret rooms, etc.
Vegetable familiars constantly hop around, throwing themselves at enemies, doing damage equal to 1.5 of the player's damage.
After throwing themselves at enemies 5 times, they will die.
There are multiple variants of cabbages, increasing as you pick up specific items.
Variants
Cabbage: Standard. Hops around towards enemies it can hit. No items required. All other vegetables move like Cabbages unless specified otherwise.
Red Cabbage: A rare variant of the Cabbage. It deals more damage, jumps faster and explodes on death (does not hurt the player). No items required.
Carrot: Drills downwards when it hops on enemies, dealing constant damage on the spot. Unlocked with items that pointy or related to digging (or with piercing tears).
Pepper: Hops quicker than cabbages. Explodes when it dies, leaving a fire. Unlocked by having fire tears or with items related to fire.
Beetroot: Occasionally pauses to fire a tear. Unlocked with tear-modifying items that give miscellaneous (or random) tear effects. The tears fired will have that effect.
Garlic: Poisons enemies nearby. Unlocked by having poison tears or with items related to poison/acid.
Pumpkin: Inflicts fear to enemies nearby. Unlocked with items related to halloween/skeletons (or with spectral/fear tears).
Broccoli: Occasionally pauses to fire 2-3 lasers at enemies. Unlocked with Technology and related items.
Mustard: Has a glowing aura around it that slows enemies. Creates a damage-dealing beam of light on the spot when it dies. Unlocked with items that are holy.
Tomato: Creates a short ranged, plus-shaped brimstone beam when it dies. Unlocked with Brimstone and related items.
Artichoke: Occasionally pauses to fire a Mom's Knife-like leaf at enemies. Unlocked with Mom's Knife (and possibly other knife items).
Note: The leaves seem to currently be bugged and disappear right after spawning.
Potato: Burrows into the ground when it dies, leaving a potato mine that explodes when enemies gets near. Unlocked with Dr. Fetus.
Corn Cobs: Fires a cob missile at a random enemy when it dies. Unlocked with Epic Fetus.
Stalin Spud: When it dies, 6 potato mines fall randomly onto the ground, exploding when enemies get near. Unlocked with both Dr. Fetus and Epic Fetus.
Notes
Some characters may start with certain vegetables unlocked regardless of starting items.
The Lost starts with pumpkins, despite Holy Mantle and the D4 not unlocking them. (Possibly because of spectral tears)
Items to unlock the variants seem to be either conceptually related or related from game mechanics. For instance, Holy Light and Holy Mantle both unlock the Mustard. Holy Light can creates the same beams Mustard features, whilst Holy Mantle is simply Holy.
Potato, Stalin Spud, and possibly Corn Cob's effects are references to Plants vs. Zombies, which features Potato Mines and Cob Cannons that attack similarly.
Gallery
Cabbage
Red Cabbage
Carrot
Pepper
Beetroot
Garlic
Pumpkin
Broccoli
Mustard (no aura)
Tomato
Artichoke
Potato
Corn Cob
Stalin Spud (with the discord screenshot found in its texture)
The original concept for the various veggies of Cabbage Patch, detailing their effects and the items that enable them
